奥地利专利AT511652A1 FORK TINE

专利PDF首页>>奥地利专利

专利附录

专利说明

权利要求

类似技术

同族专利

引用文献

法律状态

优先权

专利摘要:
A method for producing a fork prong (18) for load conveying devices, with a substantially horizontal fork blade (5) in operating position and a substantially vertical fork back (20) connected thereto via a fork bend (19), which is provided with connection elements (2, 3). is provided for the conveyor, wherein the fork prong consists of a plurality of interconnected parts (1; 2, 4, 8, 9, 1 1; 18 ', 12 to 7), at least a number of the parts are welded together and parts (15) the fork tine by electron beam and / or laser welding are welded together, wherein the weld between adjacent surfaces of the parts is guided on both sides at least 3 mm deep.
公开号:AT511652A1
申请号:T874/2011
申请日:2011-06-15
公开日:2013-01-15
发明作者:
申请人:Szlezak Philipp；
IPC主号:

专利说明:

forks
The invention relates to a method for producing a fork tine for Lastförderge rate, with a substantially horizontal position in the operating position fork blade and a subsequent thereto by a fork bend, substantially vertical fork back, which is provided with connection elements for the conveyor, the fork tine of several , Connected parts, and at least a number of the parts is welded together.
Likewise, the invention relates to a fork manufactured by this method. &Amp; S "
A known tine of the DD 2 $$ 050 A3 can be seen and there in the single embodiment shown as consisting of three, welded together at the edge by a fillet weld steel slats and described, wherein it is mentioned that the individual slats can be glued together, without However, that hints are given, in which way a gluing could take place. The outer fins can consist of a quality steel and the inner fins made of ordinary structural steel. By the described Ausbung the effort in the production should be reduced, since the individual blades were produced without forging by bending.
Although this known approach could actually simplify the production, but the strength of the fork can not be achieved by welded together at the edge by fillet welds steel plates, in particular the deflection of the fork under load is significantly higher than in conventional forks by the lateral welding with fillet welds quenched and tempered steel. Furthermore, the lamellar thickness was chosen so that the bending of the fork bend must be done by locally heating the bending area, and the energy supply is already considerable when bending. A second additional increased energy supply is made by the selected welding method with fillet welds on the edge of the steel plates, with a third additional energy supply is required by the stress relief annealing of the welds.
To simplify the production, it is also known from DE 195 15 834 CI to make the fork blade and / or the Gabelricken or even the whole prong of juxtaposed slices, which are welded in some places. Although it is possible to at least partially spare on ironwork, welding in certain areas is a complex and critical task, which is generally detrimental to the strength of the entire prong.
It is an object of the invention to provide a method for producing a high-strength, as light as possible and economically producible prong, in which said, the prior art adhering disadvantages are at least largely eliminated. In particular, the production is also very quickly go on, on the other hand, the power is very low.
This object is achieved with a method of the type mentioned, in which according to the invention parts of the fork prong are welded together by electron beam and / or laser welding, wherein the weld between adjacent surfaces of the parts is performed on both sides at least 3 mm deep.
Further expedient embodiments of the invention are characterized in the dependent subclaims.
The invention offers the advantage that high-quality forks can be produced despite only a low energy input, whereby the above-mentioned disadvantages of the prior art are eliminated.
The crystalline structures of the entire fork and the individual steel blades remain largely undamaged even after welding. The welds are due to the high power density of the electron beam or laser welding very narrow, preferably less than 1 mm) but on the other hand deep (up to 100 mm possible), so that a flat, high strength bond between the slats without additional material input. The strength of the seams is so high that a welding depth of 30% of the fork tine width is sufficient to produce a high-strength fork tine, which corresponds to the strength potential of the highest strength sheets of individual lamellae with a tensile strength of 1500 N / mm2, for example. However, the welding depth can be reduced or increased as needed. The example mentioned 30% are then divided into 15% each on the side surfaces of the laminations. The sheets may be cold bent, taking into account a minimum bending radius of the sheet metal manufacturer required by the manufacturer of the sheets.
The invention is suitable by CNC control for the production in large quantities, whereby the manufacturing costs are considerably reduced by the low energy input.
The high welding speed (20 m / min) allows for a setting speed of one minute, because several fins can be welded at the same time. PI2173
•······································································.
The invention is explained in more detail below by way of example embodiments, which are illustrated in the drawing. In this show
1 is a perspective exploded view of a fork prongs according to the invention or their individual parts,
2 in a perspective partial view of the bottom stepwise shortened slats,
3 is an enlarged side view of the area of the fork bend,
4 is a side view of a fully assembled fork,
5, the fork tine of FIG. 4 in a perspective view from below and in front,
6 shows another, corresponding to FIG. 4 representation of the fork tine,
7 in a detail from FIG. 6 straightened Blechlammelen the prong,
8 shows a cross section after the section A-A of FIG. 10 with the individual laminations, FIG. 9 enlarges a detail from FIG. 8, FIG.
10 shows another, corresponding to FIG. 4 representation of the fork tine,
11 enlarges the region of the prong of the prong of FIG. 10, FIG.
12 shows a further embodiment of a fork according to the invention in a schematic side view,
13 is an exploded view of the individual parts of the fork tine of FIG. 12th
14 in a further explosion is a position disguised with sheet metal fork,
Fig. 15 shows a cross section through the core of the fork tine of FIG. 14 and the cladding elements and
Fig. 16 in a view like Fig. 15, the welded end state. P12173 P12173
«· · · · · 1 ·« · * · · ·
Fig. 1 shows the perspective exploded view of a first embodiment of a fork prong 18 according to the invention in lamellar construction, each lamella 1 from example Docol 1500 M (with a tensile strength of 1500 N / mm2) in the sheet thickness is used, which allows easy cold bending (for example about 2 mm). The in the position of use substantially horizontal fork blade 5 of the prong 18 passes via a fork bend 19 in a vertical fork back 20 over. As explained in more detail below, the individual slats 1 are welded from the edge by electron beam welding, wherein the weld between adjacent surfaces of the parts is performed on both sides at least 3 mm deep.
Since the strength of the seams is very high, a welding depth of 30% of the fork tooth width is sufficient to produce a highly stable fork tine. However, the welding depth can be reduced or increased as needed, whereby a complete penetration welding over the tine width is possible,
The mentioned 30% are divided into 15% each on the side surfaces of the laminations. In the case of the sheets used as an example, the minimum bending radius r written by the sheet metal manufacturer amounts to 14 mm.
Furthermore, an upper connecting element 2 can be seen in FIG. 1, which is welded all over to the disk pack by means of electron beam and / or laser beam welding. A lower connection element 3 is adapted to the outer radius of the clevis package, and is also welded by means of said welding process, surface. A wear plate 4 made of, for example, HARDOX 500, is also surface welded by means of the above-mentioned visual-white method. The connection elements may consist, for example, of steel grade S235JR.
The individual laminations are expediently shortened towards the bottom. In Fig. 2, the lower surfaces 6 of the shortened fins are visible, this shortening from top to bottom has the consequence that the fork tine is tapered forward. Such a tapered tine shape is most desirable because it makes it easier to reach under a load. Outer cover slats 1 can also be made of a different metal, for example, a non-ferrous metal and also mitverschweißt.
Fig. 3 shows that the inner radius r of the fork bend is smaller than the outer radius not drawn. Furthermore, the fork diagonal dl is almost twice as thick as the fork tip thickness d. All components to be welded are conclusively on top of each other so that no additional weld metal has to be introduced during welding. A dimensioning, which corresponds approximately to the described, has a particularly favorable effect on the strength of the fork in the field.
Fig. 4 shows the individual components seen in the assembled state to the fork tine 18 from the side and Fig. 5 shows the finished fork 18 in perspective from the front, bottom and left.
Also, Fig. 6 shows the finished fork prong 18 with welded to her connection elements 2, 3 and the wear plate 4. It should be noted that the lower connection element 3 may be integrally formed with the wear plate 4 in one piece, the clevis 19 from the outside.
Fig. 7 shows straightened laminations in a larger view from Fig. 6. This straightening can be done for example by machining.
From the cross section of the forks blade of Fig. 8 and from the enlarged view of a section of Fig. 8 can be seen the welding of the individual laminations 1 from the edge. In particular, one can see how narrow the weld seam 7 is, for example only about 0.5 mm, and how deep the electron beam welding process takes place, namely about 15 mm in this exemplary embodiment. The welding depth must be at least 3 mm on both sides according to the invention, but can also be much deeper and also cover the entire sheet width.
Fig. 10 shows again a finished fork prong 18, which can be seen from the enlarged in Fig. 11 shown detail that the wear plate 4 and the lower connection element 3 are also welded to surface.
The described embodiment also offers the advantage that the fork tine can not break abruptly due to the lamellar construction, because a broken crack can not propagate through the entire cross-sectional area due to the interrupted cross-section.
Fig. 12 shows a variant of the fork tine of a further embodiment of the invention in a schematic side view, in which a tempering steel is used in profile shape. The individual components, namely a fork back 9, a fork blade 11, an upper connection element 2, a lower connection element 8, a wear plate 4 and a throat piece 10 are also welded together by electron beam and / or laser welding, wherein the weld between adjacent surfaces of the Parts are guided on both sides at least 3 mm deep. With 19 here also the fork bend is designated. P12173 P12173
9 4 «I ·· • 4 4« 4 9 9 9 9 9 9 · ί * «*« · · · * * * * · 4 -6 * -
FIG. 13 shows the exploded view of the individual parts of the fork tine from FIG. 12 before welding.
Only by the use of the electron beam welding method or laser welding method, the low energy or heat input, the possibility of extensive retention of the microstructures of the already tempered tempering steel (e.g., 36NiCrMol6 material No. 1.6773 with a tensile strength of 1050 N / mm2). Annealing and subsequent bending and forging is not required here with the construction of the parts shown. Stress relieving can also be omitted due to the minimal heat input. The assembled combination of components as seen in Fig. 12 corresponds optimally to the static requirements. The entire welding process takes less than 10 seconds per fork tine.
Fig. 14 shows the exploded view of another embodiment of a fork prong 18, in which a one-piece base 18 ', previously e.g. 1, covered with cover slats 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, consisting of non-ferrous metal or stainless steel and according to the invention, with the main body 18 'made of steel by the application of the electron beam - and / or laser beam welding is welded. 15 shows in cross section the main body 18 'and the cladding elements 12 to 17 in not yet attached state and Fig. 16 in cross section the main body 18' and the cladding elements 12 to 17 made of non-ferrous metal or stainless steel in by the application of electron beam and / or laser welding process joined state. The use of cover slats of certain other metals takes into account the use of the fork tine 18 in environments with special requirements, e.g. the food industry. For the food industry, it is often necessary to use stainless steel for forks. By welding stainless steel as a cover plate with the normal laminations, there is the possibility to save considerable costs.
It should also be mentioned, for example, that with explosion-proof forks (avoidance of sparking) e.g. Bronze, generally a non-ferrous metal, can be welded to steel.
Vienna, 15 June 2011

权利要求:
Claims (11)
[1]
Claims 1. 1. A method for producing a fork prong (18) for load conveying, with a substantially horizontal fork blade (5) and a substantially vertical fork back (9) adjoining a fork bend (3) ) provided with connection elements (2, 3) for the conveyor, the fork tine consisting of a plurality of interconnected parts (1; 2, 4, 8, 9, 11; 18 ', 12 to 7), and at least a number the parts are welded together, characterized in that parts (1, 2, 4, 8, 9, 11, 18 ', 12 to 17) of the fork tine (18) are welded together by electron beam and / or laser welding, wherein the weld between Anei-bounding surfaces of the parts is guided on both sides at least 3 mm deep.
[2]
2. The method of claim 1, for the production of a plurality of interconnected superimposed slats (1) existing fork tine (18), characterized in that all the slats (1) are welded together (Fig. 1 to 10).
[3]
3. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that individual slats (1) of the fork prong (18) in the region of the horizontal fork blade (5) have a decreasing from top to bottom length, so that the prong is tapered to the front (Fig. 5, 6, 10).
[4]
4. The method according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that a lower wear plate (4) is provided, which covers the tine (18) together with a lower connecting piece (8) in the region of the fork bend down and behind (Fig. 5, 6,10,11).
[5]
5. The method according to any one of claims 2 to 4, characterized in that at least one covering lamella made of non-ferrous metal with an adjacent lamella (1) is made of steel.
[6]
6. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that a one-piece fork blade (11), a one-piece fork back (9), a throat piece (10) and an upper and a lower connection element (2, 8) are welded together (Fig. 13). PI 2173

-8th-
[7]
7. The method according to claim 6, characterized in that a lower wear plate (4) with the fork blade (11) and the lower connection element (8) is welded (Fig. 12, 13).
[8]
8. The method according to any one of claim 1, characterized in that a previously made in one piece ago basic body (18 ') of the fork prong (18) is provided on its outer surfaces by welding with fins (11,12,13,14,15) ( Figs. 14, 15, 16).
[9]
9. The method according to any one of claim 8, characterized in that the lamellae made of stainless steel and / or non-ferrous metal.
[10]
10. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that an upper and a lower connecting element (2, 3) with the vertical fork back (9) is welded, wherein the lower connecting element (3) with the wear plate (4) in one piece , the fork bend (19) is formed from the outside comprehensive.
[11]
11. Fork produced by a method according to one of claims 1 to 10. Vienna, 15 June 2011

类似技术:

公开号 | 公开日 | 专利标题

AT511652B1|2013-07-15|FORK TINE

DE2616765A1|1976-10-28|W-N GEAR WITH A SINGLE-FLANKED OR DOUBLE-FLANKED TOOTH PROFILE

DE102014226643A1|2015-07-02|Differential device and method of manufacturing the same

DE102010037336A1|2011-04-28|Metal composite body and apparatus for producing the metal composite body

DE102014226644B4|2022-02-17|Process for simultaneous, segmental welding of a differential housing with a ring gear

DE102011089110A1|2013-06-20|Stab or saber saw blade for a machine tool

DE112017006075T5|2019-08-08|Method of making a washer and washer

WO2015139926A1|2015-09-24|Bogie frame

EP0531879B1|1996-04-24|Band saw blade and method for its manufacture

DE1453169C3|1974-01-31|Toothed cutting link for chain saw chains

DE19645517A1|1998-04-30|Door leaf, in particular for elevator doors

DE102016112748A1|2018-01-18|Large manipulator with weight-optimized articulated mast

EP2087960B1|2012-09-12|Belt saw blade

DE112015000014T5|2015-12-17|Friction stir welding method and friction stir welded body

DE102013206183B3|2014-04-24|Laser-weldable sheet component e.g. box, has tooth engaged by arc edge when legs are bent, and blank including cutout in section region of outer edges, where cutout is closed by tooth, and tooth tip is spaced at distance from arc edge

DE102012102215B4|2014-07-17|Cross member for a bumper assembly of a motor vehicle

EP3061338B1|2021-03-17|Cutter bar

DE681109C|1939-09-15|Hollow wave

DE202006015780U1|2006-12-21|Wireframe units connecting arrangement for constructing e.g. gabion, has wireframe units with lattice bars running transverse to connection edge region, where each unit bends so that connection bar is stuck through by overlapping units

EP3251998B1|2018-10-24|Boom profile for the boom of a telescopic crane

DE102020105966A1|2021-09-09|Actuator with a planetary gear

EP3748191A1|2020-12-09|Optimized chain length control

DE202012011077U1|2013-03-25|tines

DE102004011375A1|2005-09-22|Protective grille for fans and method for its manufacture

DE1960418A1|1971-06-24|Composite multi jaw tool for forging - machine

同族专利:

公开号 | 公开日

AT511652B1|2013-07-15|

EP2720973A1|2014-04-23|

WO2012171051A1|2012-12-20|

US20140246272A1|2014-09-04|

CN103648962A|2014-03-19|

EP2720973B1|2020-02-19|

US9624080B2|2017-04-18|

JP6078887B2|2017-02-15|

RU2556807C1|2015-07-20|

JP2014522353A|2014-09-04|

引用文献:

公开号 | 申请日 | 公开日 | 申请人 | 专利标题

DD265050A3|1987-04-20|1989-02-22|Fortschritt Veb K|FORK PLATE FOR LOAD CARRIER EQUIPMENT|

EP0560524A1|1992-03-10|1993-09-15|Alan E. Green|Laminated fork|

DE19515834C1|1995-04-29|1996-05-23|Vetter Umformtechnik Gmbh|Fork tine for forklift truck|

GB2436554A|2006-04-01|2007-10-03|Michael Sykes|A wear-protection device for a load fork|

SU586111A1|1976-08-03|1977-12-30|Voskobojnikov Boris A|Mounted attachment to a loader|

DD256050A3|1984-05-25|1988-04-27|Chiiks|ANTI-PILAR ELECTRONIC GRIP DEVICE OF THE ELECTRIC RAIL VEHICLE|

JP2616144B2|1990-05-31|1997-06-04|日本電気株式会社|Light control device and light control circuit|

JP2658612B2|1991-03-16|1997-09-30|住友金属工業株式会社|Manufacturing method of composite slab for hot rolling|

AU6804694A|1993-06-03|1995-01-03|Nigel Colin Haddock|Load fork protector|

JP3222271B2|1993-07-06|2001-10-22|マツダ株式会社|Beam welding method|

RU2113954C1|1995-04-10|1998-06-27|Сибирская аэрокосмическая академия|Electron-beam welding method|

JP3546579B2|1996-02-28|2004-07-28|松下電器産業株式会社|Multilayer mold equipment|

US6271499B1|1999-09-14|2001-08-07|Lockheed Martin Corp.|Method for welding electroformed material to other electroformed material, at least one of which having an optical pattern on a surface thereof|

JP2003201097A|2002-01-10|2003-07-15|Kawatetsu Transportation & Technology Co Ltd|Fork for forklift|

JP2005138153A|2003-11-07|2005-06-02|Kobe Steel Ltd|Welding method for aluminum or aluminum alloy material|

CA2622776C|2005-09-15|2012-04-17|Sumitomo Metal Industries, Ltd.|Source blank for stainless steel three-ply clad sheet, production methods of clad steel plate and sheet for solid polymer type fuel cell separator, and solid polymer type fuel cell separator|

CN101704164B|2009-04-30|2011-12-21|南京理工大学|High-energy beam current welding penetration multiplying method|USD789647S1|2015-01-13|2017-06-13|Arrow Acquisition, Llc|Fork lift fork|

US20160200559A1|2015-01-14|2016-07-14|Arrow Acquisition, Llc|Fork Lift Shield|

US9802802B2|2015-03-23|2017-10-31|Caterpillar Inc.|Work tool|

US10981749B2|2016-06-28|2021-04-20|Trinity Bay Equipment Holdings, LLC|Half-moon lifting device|

US10981765B2|2016-06-28|2021-04-20|Trinity Bay Equipment Holdings, LLC|Half-moon lifting device|

CN111153353A|2019-11-29|2020-05-15|广西现代职业技术学院|Laser navigation unmanned forklift and control system thereof|

法律状态:
2018-11-15| PC| Change of the owner|Owner name: EBW LEX GMBH, AT Effective date: 20180926 |

优先权:

申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题

ATA874/2011A|AT511652B1|2011-06-15|2011-06-15|FORK TINE|ATA874/2011A| AT511652B1|2011-06-15|2011-06-15|FORK TINE|

US14/126,346| US9624080B2|2011-06-15|2012-06-05|Method for producing a fork arm, and fork arm|

CN201280034111.3A| CN103648962A|2011-06-15|2012-06-05|Method for producing a fork arm, and fork arm|

JP2014514999A| JP6078887B2|2011-06-15|2012-06-05|Fork arm manufacturing method and fork arm|

EP12729836.2A| EP2720973B1|2011-06-15|2012-06-05|Method for producing a fork arm, and fork arm|

RU2014101042/11A| RU2556807C1|2011-06-15|2012-06-05|Method of manufacturing of tine, and tine|

PCT/AT2012/050079| WO2012171051A1|2011-06-15|2012-06-05|Method for producing a fork arm, and fork arm|

[返回顶部]